Design tokens (YAML front matter)
name: iPASS MONEY
colors:
primary: '#53b232'
primary-nav: '#10a83b'
brand-bright: '#00c43e'
brand-hero: '#00a73c'
secondary-green: '#5cb85c'
canvas: '#ffffff'
surface: '#f4f4f4'
ink: '#1c1c1c'
body: '#212529'
muted: '#777573'
on-primary: '#ffffff'
accent-orange: '#ff9900'
hairline: '#cdcdcd'
typography:
display-hero:
fontSize: 40px
fontWeight: 600
lineHeight: 1.25
use: App download headline, stolzl bold
section:
fontSize: 32px
fontWeight: 600
lineHeight: 1.35
use: Feature section headings, stolzl/Noto Sans TC
subsection:
fontSize: 24px
fontWeight: 600
lineHeight: 1.4
use: Feature card subheadings in brand green
nav:
fontSize: 17.6px
fontWeight: 400
lineHeight: 1.4
use: Top navigation items
body:
fontSize: 16px
fontWeight: 400
lineHeight: 1.5
use: Body copy, paragraphs
h1-page:
fontSize: 33.6px
fontWeight: 400
lineHeight: 1.35
use: Page title breadcrumb
rounded:
sm: 5px
md: 8px
lg: 50px
full: 100px
circle: 200px
spacing:
xs: 4
sm: 8
md: 16
base: 16
lg: 24
xl: 40
xxl: 48
section: 64
components:
button-primary:
type: button
backgroundColor: '#53b232'
textColor: '#ffffff'
rounded: 100px
padding: 16px 40px
typography: 16px / 700 stolzl
height: 58px
use: Primary CTA — app feature actions, full pill
button-social:
type: button
backgroundColor: '#f4f4f4'
textColor: '#00c43e'
rounded: 200px
padding: 10px
height: 60px
typography: 18.56px / 400 stolzl
use: Social platform icon links — rounded circle container
button-cookie:
type: button
backgroundColor: '#ff9900'
textColor: '#000000'
rounded: 5px
padding: 8px 15px
typography: 14px / 400
use: Cookie consent accept button (accent orange)
nav-link:
type: tab
textColor: '#777573'
typography: 17.6px / 400 stolzl
use: Top nav item
active: 'text #10a83b weight 700'
card-surface:
type: card
backgroundColor: '#f4f4f4'
rounded: 8px
use: Light grey surface cards for feature sections
card-white:
type: card
backgroundColor: '#ffffff'
rounded: 8px
shadow: rgba(0,0,0,0.25) 0px 0px 5px 0px
use: White elevated card with soft shadow
badge-green:
type: badge
backgroundColor: '#53b232'
textColor: '#ffffff'
rounded: 50px
padding: 8px 20px
typography: 14px / 700
use: Status or category tag in brand green
toggle-menu:
type: toggle
textColor: '#ffffff'
use: Mobile hamburger toggle in dark header
fonts:
roles:
display: stolzl
body: Noto Sans TC
fallback: Roboto, Open Sans, 微軟正黑體, Arial, sans-serifDesign System Inspiration of iPASS MONEY
Overview
Visual Theme & Atmosphere
iPASS MONEY (一卡通 MONEY) is Taiwan’s integrated e-wallet and transit card management platform operated by iPASS Corporation (一卡通票證股份有限公司). Its visual identity is rooted in an energetic, nature-connected green — a hue that bridges the civic trust of public transit systems and the approachability of a consumer fintech app. The canvas is predominantly white (#ffffff) and light grey (#f4f4f4), creating a clean, government-adjacent professionalism that feels neither cold nor corporate-heavy.
The defining visual signature is a confident, rounded-everything brand language: primary action buttons are full-pill (100px radius), social icon containers are near-circular (200px), and even the small cookie consent button shows a rounded edge (5px). This softness communicates accessibility — the app is designed for everyday Taiwanese commuters, shoppers, and households rather than financial power users. The brand green family (#53b232 for buttons, #10a83b for active navigation, #00c43e for social highlights, #00a73c for hero section backgrounds) is layered across surfaces to create a recognizable, transit-inspired color system without becoming monotonous.
Typography is handled through stolzl as the display face with Noto Sans TC as the Chinese character workhorse — a pragmatic split that prioritizes Traditional Chinese legibility (#1c1c1c headings at 32px / weight 600) while using the geometric Latin font for brand headlines and navigation. The body system sits at 16px / weight 400 in near-black #212529, the Bootstrap default, indicating that the product was built with a pragmatic CSS framework foundation rather than a bespoke design system.
Key Characteristics:
- Full-pill geometry throughout (100px–200px border radius on interactive elements)
- Green family of four (
#53b232,#10a83b,#00c43e,#00a73c) — each carrying a distinct UI role - stolzl (Latin/numbers) + Noto Sans TC (Traditional Chinese) dual-font system
- Orange accent (
#ff9900) reserved for high-urgency callouts - Light grey (
#f4f4f4) surfaces with white cards — flat, shadow-light aesthetic - Civic/transit brand heritage expressed through green sustainability framing
Primary tasks
- Top up a transit card automatically instead of checking it at the gate
- Transfer money to another account without paying a fee
- Pay utility bills and parking fees from the same app
- Show a payment QR code and regenerate it when it expires
- Pay in Japan without carrying cash or changing currency
Brand Narrative
iPASS (一卡通) was established in Taiwan to operate stored-value card payment services for public transit, expanding progressively from Kaohsiung’s mass transit system to a nationwide multi-purpose payment platform. The corporate entity — 一卡通票證股份有限公司 (iPASS Corporation) — operates under the brand in both physical card form (the signature orange-blue stored-value card) and the digital wallet: iPASS MONEY.
The MONEY layer transforms the transit card brand into a full-spectrum daily fintech: QR code payments via TWQR, inter-institutional transfers with no fees, utility bill payment, and cross-border PayPay support for Japan. In early 2026, LINE Pay’s iPASS MONEY wallet features migrated to iPASS’s standalone app — consolidating what was previously a secondary feature of LINE Pay into a dedicated brand surface. This migration marks iPASS MONEY’s evolution from embedded fintech feature to an independent consumer app brand.
The visual identity reflects this transit-first heritage: green communicates public transport, sustainability, and civic service. The orange accent of the physical iPASS card is echoed minimally in the digital brand — as a single urgency color for callout moments — while the green takes full ownership of the digital palette.
Principles
- Integrate, don’t fragment. One app for transit, payment, transfers, and bill management. UI implication: all service categories accessible from a single bottom navigation or menu; no deep link silos per function.
- Simple registration, immediate value. The system’s onboarding promise: “ID card + bank account = ready.” UI implication: minimize registration steps; surface the value proposition before the form.
- Zero-fee transfer as trust signal. No-fee transfers between iPASS MONEY accounts is the competitive anchor. UI implication: surface the “免手續費” claim at the transfer CTA, not buried in fine print.
- Sustainability as brand value. 一卡通綠點 (Green Points) for transit use — earning points by taking public transport, not just spending. UI implication: green palette is earned symbolically; the color itself communicates eco-consciousness.
- Accessibility through consistency. Full-pill buttons, large touch targets, CJK-first typography. UI implication: every interactive element must be thumb-friendly at 58px+ height; Chinese text must render at ≥16px body size.
Personas
Personas below are fictional archetypes informed by publicly observable iPASS MONEY user segments (Taiwanese daily commuters, urban households, cross-border travelers), not individual people.
林小美, 26, 台北. A daily MRT commuter who links her transit card to iPASS MONEY for automatic top-up. She values never needing to check her card balance at the gates, and uses 一卡通綠點 to get discounts on transit. She discovered iPASS MONEY when LINE Pay migrated its stored-value features.
陳大明, 38, 高雄. A small business owner who pays utility bills, parking fees, and supplier transfers through iPASS MONEY. Appreciates the inter-institutional transfer with zero fee and the ability to manage multiple family cards from one app.
黃美玲, 52, 台中. A frequent traveler to Japan who uses iPASS MONEY’s PayPay cross-border feature. Values not needing to carry cash or exchange currency for everyday Japan purchases.
王小凱, 21, 新竹. A university student using 乘車碼 for bus and rail travel across the TPASS southern routes. Manages his limited budget through the automatic recharge threshold setting.
Colors
Primary Green Family
- iPASS Green (
#53b232): Primary brand CTA color. Used for all action buttons across the iPASS MONEY app intro pages — 16px/700 stolzl, full-pill 100px radius, white text. The system’s dominant call-to-action signal. - Nav Active Green (
#10a83b): Active navigation link color and active state indicator. Slightly deeper than the button green, providing visual distinction between nav states. - Bright Brand Green (
#00c43e): Used for social follow section headings and social icon foreground in the light grey circle containers. The most saturated of the green family. - Hero Background Green (
#00a73c): Section-level background color used for the “convenience-list” hero section. Mid-depth green for full-bleed section backgrounds. - Bootstrap Secondary Green (
#5cb85c): Appears in legacy Bootstrap-influenced UI components on the site.
Neutral & Surface
- Pure White (
#ffffff): Page canvas, white card backgrounds, text on primary green. - Light Surface (
#f4f4f4): Tinted surface for social icon container backgrounds and feature card sections. - Body Near-Black (
#212529): Primary body text color — standard Bootstrap body default, applied consistently. - Heading Near-Black (
#1c1c1c): Slightly darker heading color at H2/H3 level (32px/600). - Muted Grey (
#777573): Secondary text, inactive navigation links, tertiary labels. - Hairline (
#cdcdcd): Thin dividers and borders used to separate content sections in a hairline weight.
Accent
- iPASS Orange (
#ff9900): Accent orange for high-emphasis callouts — the “Here We Go!!” section heading uses this orange to signal urgency and excitement, contrasting the dominant green palette.
Typography
Font Family
- Display:
stolzl— a geometric sans-serif used for Latin display headings, navigation labels, and number-heavy UI. Loaded as a web font. - Body/CJK:
Noto Sans TC— Google’s Traditional Chinese Noto font, ensuring excellent legibility of Traditional Chinese characters at all body sizes. - Fallbacks:
Roboto, Open Sans, 微軟正黑體, Arial, sans-serif— broad system fallback chain indicating a web-first architecture.
Hierarchy
| Role | Size | Weight | Color | Use |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| App Download Hero | 40px | 600 | #1c1c1c |
“立即下載 一卡通 iPASS MONEY APP” |
| Section Heading (H2) | 32px | 600 | #1c1c1c |
Feature section headings |
| Feature Sub-heading (H4) | 24px | 600 | #53b232 |
Feature card titles in brand green |
| Page Title (H1) | 33.6px | 400 | #1c1c1c |
Breadcrumb page title |
| Navigation | 17.6px | 400 | #777573 |
Inactive nav links |
| Navigation Active | 16.64px | 700 | #10a83b |
Active nav link |
| Body | 16px | 400 | #212529 |
Standard reading text |
| Button Primary | 16px | 700 | #ffffff |
CTA button label |
Principles
- Chinese-first legibility: Noto Sans TC ensures Traditional Chinese text renders cleanly at body sizes; stolzl handles Latin branding and numbers.
- Weight 600 for headings: All functional headings (H2/H3/H4) use weight 600, never 400 or 800, resulting in a clear but accessible hierarchy.
- Green for feature subheads: H4 elements within feature cards are rendered in brand green (
#53b232) rather than near-black, turning the font color into a brand signal.
Layout
Spacing System
- Base unit: 16px (Bootstrap default)
- Scale: 4px, 8px, 16px, 24px, 40px, 48px, 64px
- Button padding: 16px vertical / 40px horizontal for full-pill CTAs
Grid & Container
- Standard Bootstrap-based 12-column grid
- Full-width colored section bands (white/grey/green alternating)
- Feature sections organized into horizontal rows of illustrated feature cards
- Centered layout with max-width container for readability
Whitespace Philosophy
- Generous section spacing: each service feature is given a full viewport-width section band, ensuring cognitive separation between: payment, transfer, rewards, transit.
- Padding-first: interactive pill buttons use generous internal padding (16px 40px) over tight typography — a touch-first mobile design carried to desktop.
- Alternating band rhythm: white → light grey → green → white creates a color-coded wayfinding system through the service sections.
Border Radius Scale
- Small (5px): Cookie/legacy UI elements
- Medium (8px): Cards, containers
- Large (50px): Accessibility shortcut link
- Full Pill (100px): Primary CTA buttons
- Circle (200px): Social icon containers
Responsive Behavior
Breakpoints
| Name | Width | Key Changes |
|---|---|---|
| Mobile | <768px | Single column, nav collapses to hamburger, hero text stacks |
| Tablet | 768-1024px | Two-column feature cards, nav may retain partial items |
| Desktop | ≥1024px | Full horizontal nav, multi-column feature grid, wide hero band |
Touch Targets
- Primary CTA buttons: 58px height, 100px full-pill — generous tap area
- Social icon circles: 60px diameter — thumb-friendly
- Navigation items: 40px height with 9px horizontal padding
Collapsing Strategy
- Header collapses to hamburger menu (white
:::icon on transparent background) - Feature sections stack from 3-4 column grid to 1-2 column on tablet/mobile
- Full-width color bands maintain across all breakpoints — the primary layout rhythm is preserved
Elevation & Depth
| Level | Treatment | Use |
|---|---|---|
| Flat (Level 0) | No shadow | Page backgrounds, nav, headings |
| Subtle (Level 1) | rgba(0,0,0,0.25) 0 0 5px |
Accessibility skip-link button, elevated white cards |
| Section Band | Full-width background color change | Section separation without z-axis lift |
Shadow philosophy: iPASS MONEY uses an extremely light touch with elevation — a single 5px blur, 0.25 alpha black ambient shadow appears only on the accessibility shortcut link and occasional white cards. The system relies primarily on background color alternation (white/grey/green bands) rather than drop shadows. This is consistent with a mobile-transit product prioritizing clarity over decoration.
Values kept in prose
Measured values the DESIGN.md token grammar cannot carry, kept verbatim:
shadow.soft:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25) 0px 0px 5px 0px
Motion & Easing
Durations:
| Token | Value | Use |
|---|---|---|
motion-fast |
100ms | Tap feedback, button press, nav toggle |
motion-standard |
200ms | Card reveal, tab switch, modal open |
motion-slow |
350ms | Page transition, hero reveal, section scroll animation |
Easings:
| Token | Curve | Use |
|---|---|---|
ease-enter |
cubic-bezier(0.25, 0.46, 0.45, 0.94) |
Elements arriving (cards, sheets, QR code) |
ease-exit |
cubic-bezier(0.55, 0.085, 0.68, 0.53) |
Elements dismissing |
ease-standard |
cubic-bezier(0.25, 0.1, 0.25, 1.0) |
Standard two-way transitions |
Motion rules: As a transit and payment app used in public environments (MRT gates, checkout queues), motion must be fast and purposeful. QR code generation should appear near-instant (100ms feedback, then populate). Pill button taps respond with immediate opacity/scale feedback. Section scroll reveals use motion-slow / ease-enter for marketing pages, never for functional transaction screens where latency reads as error. Under prefers-reduced-motion: reduce, all transitions collapse to instant; payment-critical flows must remain fully functional without motion dependency.
<!– OmD v0.1 Sources — Philosophy Layer (sections 10–15)
Tier 1 live inspect (2026-06-22) via playwright getComputedStyle on:
- (iPASS MONEY service intro page)
- (app download page)
- (homepage)
Raw observations:
- Primary button bg: rgb(83, 178, 50) = #53b232 · radius 100px · padding 16px 40px · height 58px · font 16px/700 stolzl
- Nav active link: rgb(16, 168, 59) = #10a83b · font-weight 700 · 16.64px
- Social section heading: rgb(0, 196, 62) = #00c43e · 35.2px/600
- Hero section background: rgb(0, 167, 60) = #00a73c (convenience-list section)
- Social icon container: bg rgb(244, 244, 244) = #f4f4f4 · color rgb(0, 196, 63) · radius 200px · 60px height
- Body: font-family stolzl, roboto, Noto Sans TC · color rgb(33, 37, 41) = #212529 · 16px / 24px line-height
- H2 headings: rgb(28, 28, 28) = #1c1c1c · 32px/600
- H4 feature subheads: rgb(83, 178, 50) = #53b232 · 24px/600
- Orange accent heading “Here We Go!!”: rgb(255, 153, 0) = #ff9900 · 32px/600
- document.title (iPMIntroduce): “服務介紹 - iPASS一卡通”
- document.title (download): “立即下載 - iPASS一卡通”
Brand narrative and service descriptions sourced from live page copy (verbatim paragraphs captured during 2026-06-22 inspect). Philosophy sections are editorial readings connecting observed design to brand positioning. Personas are fictional archetypes, not real people. –>
Components
Buttons
Primary Action (App CTA)
- Background:
#53b232 - Text:
#ffffff - Radius: 100px
- Padding: 16px 40px
- Font: 16px stolzl weight 700
- Height: 58px
- Use: Primary call-to-action for app feature sections (“了解更多”, “立即下載”)
Social Platform Link
- Background:
#f4f4f4 - Text:
#00c43e - Radius: 200px
- Padding: 10px
- Height: 60px
- Font: 18.56px weight 400
- Use: Circular icon-only links for Facebook, LINE, YouTube, Instagram social platforms
Accent Consent Button
- Background:
#ff9900 - Text:
#000000 - Radius: 5px
- Padding: 8px 15px
- Font: 14px weight 400
- Use: Cookie consent accept button — orange for urgency distinction from green system
Cards & Containers
Light Surface Card
- Background:
#f4f4f4 - Radius: 8px
- Use: Feature section cards on light grey tinted backgrounds
White Elevated Card
- Background:
#ffffff - Radius: 8px
- Shadow:
rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25) 0px 0px 5px 0px - Use: White cards with soft shadow against grey surface sections
Badges
Brand Green Badge
- Background:
#53b232 - Text:
#ffffff - Radius: 50px
- Padding: 8px 20px
- Font: 14px weight 700
- Use: Category tag or status indicator in brand green
Navigation
Nav Link Default
- Text:
#777573 - Font: 17.6px stolzl weight 400
- Padding: 0px 9px
- Use: Inactive top-nav item
Nav Link Active
- Text:
#10a83b - Font: 16.64px weight 700
- Use: Active navigation state — deeper green, heavier weight
Section Backgrounds
Hero Green Section
- Background:
#00a73c - Use: Full-width “convenience-list” section background — the site’s primary brand-colored band
States
| State | Treatment |
|---|---|
| Empty (no transaction history) | White canvas with single Noto Sans TC body copy in #212529, explaining the empty state with a green CTA to start a transaction. |
| Empty (no linked cards) | #f4f4f4 surface with an illustration placeholder and green pill button to add a transit card. |
| Loading (balance fetch) | Skeleton rows on #f4f4f4 surface at final card dimensions, 8px radius. Consistent with the flat surface system — no shimmer animation heavier than a gentle opacity pulse. |
| Loading (QR code generation) | Spinner in brand green #53b232 within the QR code container area. |
| Error (transfer failed) | Inline message in #212529 near-black with clear next-step instruction in Traditional Chinese. No generic error codes unexplained. |
| Error (payment QR timeout) | Inline prompt to regenerate the QR code with a green refresh CTA. |
| Success (transfer complete) | Brief confirmation screen with a checkmark in brand green #53b232; transaction details below; no excessive animation. |
| Success (top-up credited) | Inline notification with updated balance immediately visible, confirmation in brand green. |
| Skeleton | #f4f4f4 blocks at final content dimensions, 8px radius, gentle pulse opacity. |
| Disabled | Muted grey #777573 text on reduced-opacity surface; green CTAs fade to #5cb85c to preserve the brand read while communicating unavailability. |
Do’s and Don’ts
Do
- Use
#53b232(iPASS Green) for all primary action buttons in the full-pill (100px) radius - Use
Noto Sans TCfor all Traditional Chinese body text to ensure proper character rendering - Use stolzl for navigation labels and Latin/numeric display headings
- Separate page sections with full-width color bands (white /
#f4f4f4/#00a73cgreen) - Apply weight 600 to all section headings for clear but accessible visual hierarchy
- Reserve
#ff9900orange for single high-urgency callout moments — never as a secondary action - Use the full circle (200px radius) for social icon containers — it’s the brand’s social identity
Don’t
- Dilute the green family by introducing additional accent colors — the four greens cover all brand roles
- Use sharp corners (0px radius) on interactive elements — even small UI elements should carry ≥5px radius
- Apply drop shadows broadly — the system is intentionally flat; save the
5pxshadow for selective elevation only - Use weight 800 for headings — iPASS MONEY uses 600 throughout, not ExtraBold
- Mix Traditional Chinese text with fonts lacking CJK coverage (stolzl alone is insufficient for Chinese)
- Place orange (
#ff9900) on green backgrounds — color accessibility is compromised without sufficient contrast - Use
#5cb85c(Bootstrap green) as a brand color — it’s a legacy utility tint, not the primary#53b232
Voice & Tone
iPASS MONEY’s voice is pragmatic, inclusive, and confidence-inspiring — a civic utility that sounds like a helpful city guide rather than a finance app. The service positioning as “電子支付工具也是票卡管理小幫手” (electronic payment tool and transit card management assistant) establishes a friendly dual identity: useful for both spending money and catching buses. Copy is direct Traditional Chinese without English-heavy hybrid jargon, except for the “iPASS MONEY” brand name itself and technical QR standards (“TWQR付款”).
| Context | Tone |
|---|---|
| Hero headlines | Optimistic and empowering. “實現生活簡單自由!” (Achieve simple, free living!). Aspirational without hype. |
| Feature subheads | Benefit-forward, concise. “儲值簡單又安全”, “生活繳費最方便”, “轉帳可跨機構最方便”. |
| Registration prompts | Reassuring and procedural. “請準備好身分證及銀行帳戶,註冊後即可開始使用!” |
| Transfer/payment CTAs | Speed-focused. “隨時隨地都可以轉帳,簡單快速又安全!” |
| Sustainability messaging | Community-spirited. “一卡通跟你一起用行動愛地球” (iPASS joins you in caring for the earth). |
Voice samples (verbatim from live pages):
- “實現生活簡單自由!” — service hero headline (aspirational positioning). (verified live 2026-06-22)
- “智在生活隨時掌握!” — app download CTA subhead (smart lifestyle pitch). (verified live 2026-06-22)
- “一卡通 iPASS MONEY APP 之間轉帳免手續費!” — transfer feature benefit (zero-fee hook). (verified live 2026-06-22)
Forbidden register: bureaucratic coldness, banking jargon unexplained in Chinese, English-only instructions for a predominantly Chinese-speaking market, aggressive sales urgency (“Limited time offer expires now!”).
Agent Prompt Guide
Quick Color Reference
- Primary CTA: iPASS Green (
#53b232) - Active nav / link: Green (
#10a83b) - Social section accent: Bright Green (
#00c43e) - Hero band background: Green (
#00a73c) - Page canvas: White (
#ffffff) - Feature card surface: Light Grey (
#f4f4f4) - Heading text: Near-Black (
#1c1c1c) - Body text: Near-Black (
#212529) - Secondary / inactive text: Grey (
#777573) - Urgency accent: Orange (
#ff9900)
Example Component Prompts
- “Create a feature CTA button:
#53b232background, white text, 100px border radius, 16px 40px padding, 58px height, stolzl 16px weight 700. ‘立即下載’.” - “Design a feature section:
#00a73cfull-width green band. Centered H2 at 32px/600 in white. Below it, four icon+text feature cards in white with 8px radius andrgba(0,0,0,0.25) 0 0 5pxshadow.” - “Build a social links row: four circular
#f4f4f4containers, 60px diameter, 200px radius, each holding a#00c43eicon. Section heading: 35.2px/600#00c43e.” - “Create nav bar: white background, 60px height. Left: stolzl brand logo. Links: 17.6px/400
#777573inactive, 16.64px/700#10a83bactive. Right: green pill CTA#53b232.”
Iteration Guide
- Green family is hierarchical — button green (
#53b232) → nav active (#10a83b) → social (#00c43e) → hero bg (#00a73c) - All interactive surfaces are pill/circle — 100px+ radius is the standard
- Chinese text always Noto Sans TC; Latin/numbers in stolzl
- Section rhythm: white → grey → green band — alternate for wayfinding
- Orange (
#ff9900) is a single accent — never repeat in the same viewport - Heading hierarchy: weight 600 for H1-H4; body at 400 always
Governance
Known Gaps
- Contrast,
button-primary. Text#ffffffon#53b232measures 2.70:1, below the WCAG AA 4.5:1 minimum for normal-size text. Recorded as measured, not adjusted. - Contrast,
button-social. Text#00c43eon#f4f4f4measures 2.13:1, below the WCAG AA 4.5:1 minimum for normal-size text. Recorded as measured, not adjusted. - Contrast,
badge-green. Text#ffffffon#53b232measures 2.70:1, below the WCAG AA 4.5:1 minimum for normal-size text. Recorded as measured, not adjusted.